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Publications

List of peer-reviewed publications by BEK TEK LLC Associates.

“Quantitative Analysis of Zero-Amplitude Sample Padding in AAC Audio: Exploring Transcoding Effects and Implications for Audio Stream Hashing” (2024; Wales G. S.; Grigoras C.; Lacey, D. S.) 2024 Audio Engineering Society 8th International Conference on Audio Forensics.

"Effects of Content Trimming iPhone 12 Pro Max Video Files in iOS 14" (2021; Koenig, B. E. and Lacey, D. S.) Journal of Forensic Sciences. 66:5:1742-1750.

"Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Metadata in Re-Encoded iPhone M4A Files" (2017; Koenig, B. E. and Lacey, D. S.) 2017 Audio Engineering Society International Conference on Audio Forensics.

"Forensic Authentication of Digital Audio and Video Files" [book chapter] (2015; Koenig, B. E. and Lacey, D. S.) Handbook of Digital Forensics of Multimedia Data and Devices. Ed. Anthony T. S. Ho. Ed. Shujun Li. Chicester: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 133-181.

"The Effect of Sample Length on Cross-Correlation Comparisons of Recorded Gunshot Sounds" (2014; Lacey, D. S., Koenig, B. E., and Reimond, C. E.) The Proceedings of the AES 54th International Conference. 122-129.

"Selected Characteristics of MP3 Files Re-Encoded With Audio Editing Software" (2014; Koenig, B. E., Lacey, D. S., and Reimond, C. E.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 64:3:304-321.

"Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Header Data in Re-Encoded WMA Files From Small Olympus Audio Recorders" (2012; Koenig, B. E., and Lacey, D. S.) Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 60:4:255-265.

"Identification of Identical and Nearly-Identical Frames from a Lawmate PV-500 Digital Video-Audio Recorder" (2012; Lacey, D. S. and Koenig, B. E.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 62:1:36-46.

"Audio Extraction from Silicor Technologies' Digital Video Recorder File Format" (2010; Lacey, D. S. and Koenig, B. E.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 60:5:573-588.

"Forensic Authentication of Digital Audio Recordings" (2009; Koenig, B. E., and Lacey, D. S.) Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 57:9:662-695.

"Identification of an Eccentricity in the Date/Time Metadata of a PAL MiniDV Recording" (2008; Lacey, D. S. and Koenig, B. E.) Journal of Forensic Sciences. 53:6:1417-1423.

"Audio Record and Playback Characteristics of Small Solid-State Recorders." (2007; Koenig, B. E. and Lacey, D. S.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 57:4:582-598.

"Fundamental Frequency Analysis of a Metal Baseball Bat." (2007; Marr, K. W. and Koenig, B. E.) Forensic Science Communications. 9:1 (January).

"Burning Digital Audio Files to Standard Audio Compact Discs: More Than Drag and Drop." (2005; Lacey, D. S.) NATIA News. Summer 2005 Issue.

"Analysis of the Radio Shack Micro-30 and the Olympus Pearlcorder S950 Time Code." (2004; Koenig, B. E., Lacey, D. S., and Killion, S. A.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 54:4:442-451. "Authors' Response to Letter". Journal of Forensic Identification. 54:6:629-632.

"Signal Convolution of Recorded Free-Field Gunshot Sounds." (1998; Koenig, B. E., Hoffman, S. M., Nakasone, H., and Beck, S. D.) Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 46:7/8:634-653.

"Determination of the Frequency Characteristics of Filters." (1995; Koenig, B. E. and Merrill, S. B.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 45:1:51-68.

"Reel Periodicity Determinations in Authenticity Examinations." (1992; Koenig, B. E.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 42:3:237-247.

"Diagonal Erase Head Marks - An Anomaly." (1991; Koenig, B. E. and Ryan, J. J., Jr.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 41:2:96-101.

"Authentication of Forensic Audio Recordings." (1990; Koenig, B. E.) Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 38:1/2:3-33.

"Enhancement of Forensic Audio Recordings." (1988; Koenig. B. E.) Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 36:11:884-894.

"Measurement of Recorder Speed Changes in Authenticity Examinations." (1987; Koenig, B. E. and Kohus, B. A.) Crime Laboratory Digest. 14:4:139 152.

"Making Effective Forensic Audio Tape Recordings." (1987; Koenig, B. E.) FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin. 56:5:10-18.

"Spectrographic Voice Identification: A Forensic Survey." (1986; Koenig, B. E.) Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 79:2088-2090.

"Overview of the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Technical Analyses of Forensic Tape Recordings, Particularly in Aviation Related Investigations." (1983; Koenig, B. E.) Journal of Air Law and Commerce. The Seventeenth Annual Air Law Symposium.

"Speaker Identification." (1980; Koenig, B. E.) FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin. 49:1:1-4, 49:2:20-22.

“Multimedia stream hashing: A forensic method for content verification” (2023; Wales G. S.; Smith, J. M.; Lacey, D. S.; Grigoras C.) Journal of Forensic Sciences. 68:1:289-300.

"Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Metadata in Re-Encoded M4A iPhone iOS 12.1.2 Voice Memos Files" (2019; Koenig, B. E. and Lacey, D. S.) 2019 Audio Engineering Society International Conference on Audio Forensics.

"Triage Approach for the Forensic Analysis of Apple iOS Audio Files Recorded Using the 'Voice Memos' App" (2017; Smith, J. M.; Lacey, D. S.; Koenig, B. E.; Grigoras, C.) 2017 Audio Engineering Society International Conference on Audio Forensics.

"The Average Direct Current Offset Values for Small Digital Audio Recorders in an Acoustically Consistent Environment" (2014; Koenig, B. E. and Lacey, D. S.) Journal of Forensic Sciences. 59:4:960-966.

"Forensic Authenticity Analyses of the Metadata in Re-Encoded WAV Files" (2014; Koenig, B. E. and Lacey, D. S.) The Proceedings of the AES 54th International Conference. 77-84.

"Evaluation of the Average DC Offset Values for Nine Small Digital Audio Recorders" (2013; Koenig, B. E., Lacey, D. S., Grigoras, C., Price, S. G., and Smith, J. M.) Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 61:6:439-448.

"Video Frame Comparisons in Digital Video Authenticity Analyses" (2012; Koenig, B. E., Lacey, D. S., and Richards, G. B.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 62:2:165-182.

"An Inconclusive Digital Audio Authenticity Examination: A Unique Case" (2012; Koenig, B. E. and Lacey, D. S.) Journal of Forensic Sciences. 57:1:239-245.

"Evaluation of Clipped-Sample Restoration Software" (2010; Koenig, B. E., and Lacey, D. S.) Forensic Science Communications. 12:2 (April).

"Distinctiveness of Non-Standard VHS Head Parameters" (2009; Koenig, B. E. and Lacey, D. S.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 59:1:97-126.

"A Digital System for Imaging Bitter Patterns" (2008; Lacey, D. S. and Koenig, B. E.) (2008; Koenig, B. E., Lacey D. S., and Killion, S.A.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 58:2:238-264; 58:3:281-282.

"Forensic Enhancement of Digital Audio Recordings." (2007; Koenig, B. E., Lacey, D. S., and Killion, S.A.) Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 55:5:352-371.

"Video and Audio Characteristics in VHS Over-Recordings." (2006; Koenig, B. E., Lacey, D. S., and Herold, N.) Forensic Science Communications. 8:3 (July).

"Procedures for the Playback of the Initial Frames of VHS Video Cassettes." (2004; Koenig, B. E.) NATIA News. Summer 2004 Issue.

"Equipping the Modern Audio-Video Forensic Laboratory." (2003; Koenig, B. E., Lacey, D. S., and Herold, N.) Forensic Science Communications. 5:2 (April).

"Analysis of Hang-up Transients for the Same Model Telephone." (1996; Merrill, S. B. and Koenig, B. E.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 46:3:294-321.

"Selected Topics in Forensic Voice Identification." (1993; Koenig, B. E.) Crime Laboratory Digest. 20:4:78-81.

"Frequency Measurement of Alternating Current." (1992; Koenig, B. E.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 42:5:408-411.

"Voiceprints - Believe It or Not." (1992; Koenig, B. E.) (1991; Koenig, B. E.) Detective. Spring/Summer issue, pp 8-11.

"Serial Time Code Analysis in Authenticity Determinations." (1991; Koenig, B. E.) Journal of Forensic Identification. 41:3:179-189.

"Tape Duplication Determination in Authenticity Examinations through Analysis of AC Frequencies." (1990; Koenig, B. E.) Crime Laboratory Digest. 17:4:78-81.

"An Introduction to Single Channel FFT Analysis." (1989; Wallace, A. Jr. and Koenig, B. E.) Crime Laboratory Digest. 16:2:33-39.

"Tape Recorder Azimuth Misalignment." (1988; Koenig, B. E.) Crime Laboratory Digest. 15:2:44 54.

"Reply to 'Some Fundamental Considerations Regarding Voice Identification.'" (1987; Koenig, B. E., Ritenour, D. V. Jr., Kohus, B. A., and Kelly, A. S.) Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 82:688-689.

"Spectrographic Voice Identification." (1987; Koenig, B. E.) (1986; Koenig, B. E.) Crime Laboratory Digest. 13:4:105-118.

"Acoustic Gunshot Analysis - The Kennedy Assassination and Beyond." (1983; Koenig, B. E.) FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin. 52:11:1-9, 52:12:1-9. Reprinted (1985) in the International Criminal Police Review. 40:384:2-11, 40:385:43-53.

"Review Requested by the Department of Justice of the Acoustical Reports Published by the House Select Committee on Assassinations." (1980; Koenig, B. E., et al.) Released directly to the public by the U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, D.C.

[NOTE: Neither BEK TEK LLC nor its associates profit in any way from the sale of any of the articles/books linked to below. The links are provided simply as a convenience to those who wish to obtain copies of the papers/books. For those articles which are linked to directly via websites or as PDFs, they are freely-available or non-copyrighted, or are being provided with permission of the respective journal's editor.]

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